2018 |
Gomez-Jeria, J S; Clavijo, E; Carcamo, J J; Gutierrez, S An Infrared and Sem Study of the Margins of Some German Hyperinflation Postage Stamps Artículo de revista Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences, 9 (2), pp. 870-892, 2018, ISSN: 0975-8585. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: archeology, archeophilately, cellulose, database, electron ft-ir germany, hyperinflation, infrared inks kaolinite, microscopy, oxides, pigments, postage raman scanning sem, spectra, spectral spectroscopy, stamps, white zinc @article{RN411, title = {An Infrared and Sem Study of the Margins of Some German Hyperinflation Postage Stamps}, author = { J.S. Gomez-Jeria and E. Clavijo and J.J. Carcamo and S. Gutierrez}, url = {/brokenurl#<Go to ISI>://WOS:000432267600105}, issn = {0975-8585}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {9}, number = {2}, pages = {870-892}, abstract = {Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were performed on the margins (the area without printed colors) of a set of German postage stamps dated 1923 and corresponding to the hyperinflationary period of economy. SEM results showed the presence of Al, Si, Zn and S in the samples, but in different combinations. Sulfur is considered to be a contaminant. The Al-Si combination is credited to kaolinite, Zn to ZnO and unaccompanied Al possibly to Al2O3. Several experimental IR bands of kaolinite agree with the suggestion of its existence in some stamps. In the case of Al and Zn alone we have supposed that, with the passing of time and with the help of moisture, AlOH and ZnOH were formed in a quantity allowing detecting some of the metal- OH bands by IR spectroscopy. On the basis of previous infrared experimental results on Al and Zn hydroxides we assigned some IR bands to the OH groups bonded to these metals. Our results indicate that it is highly probable that the paper used to print these postage stamps was originated in more than one paper mill.}, keywords = {archeology, archeophilately, cellulose, database, electron ft-ir germany, hyperinflation, infrared inks kaolinite, microscopy, oxides, pigments, postage raman scanning sem, spectra, spectral spectroscopy, stamps, white zinc}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were performed on the margins (the area without printed colors) of a set of German postage stamps dated 1923 and corresponding to the hyperinflationary period of economy. SEM results showed the presence of Al, Si, Zn and S in the samples, but in different combinations. Sulfur is considered to be a contaminant. The Al-Si combination is credited to kaolinite, Zn to ZnO and unaccompanied Al possibly to Al2O3. Several experimental IR bands of kaolinite agree with the suggestion of its existence in some stamps. In the case of Al and Zn alone we have supposed that, with the passing of time and with the help of moisture, AlOH and ZnOH were formed in a quantity allowing detecting some of the metal- OH bands by IR spectroscopy. On the basis of previous infrared experimental results on Al and Zn hydroxides we assigned some IR bands to the OH groups bonded to these metals. Our results indicate that it is highly probable that the paper used to print these postage stamps was originated in more than one paper mill. |
Gomez-Jeria, J S; Clavijo, E; Gutierrez, S A Qualitative Infrared and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of the Margins of Fourteen World Postage Stamps Artículo de revista Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences, 9 (6), pp. 1719-+, 2018, ISSN: 0975-8585. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: archeology, cellulose, electron ft-ir infrared kaolinite, microscopy, paper philately, pigments, postage raman scanning sem, spectra, spectroscopy, stamps, xrf @article{RN415, title = {A Qualitative Infrared and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of the Margins of Fourteen World Postage Stamps}, author = { J.S. Gomez-Jeria and E. Clavijo and S. Gutierrez}, url = {/brokenurl#<Go to ISI>://WOS:000449630700274}, issn = {0975-8585}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {9}, number = {6}, pages = {1719-+}, abstract = {Fourteen heavily damaged postage stamps were chosen for an infrared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization of their non-printed margins. The results show the presence of kaolinite used as filler in all but two samples. These last two contain aluminum (with an Al-OH moiety). One stamp seems to contain barium in the form of sulfate. One stamp contains lead in an unknown chemical compound. All these results were incorporated into a database for future analysis. Quantum chemical calculations of diverse large models of cellulose seem absolutely necessary for the IR band assignments.}, keywords = {archeology, cellulose, electron ft-ir infrared kaolinite, microscopy, paper philately, pigments, postage raman scanning sem, spectra, spectroscopy, stamps, xrf}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Fourteen heavily damaged postage stamps were chosen for an infrared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization of their non-printed margins. The results show the presence of kaolinite used as filler in all but two samples. These last two contain aluminum (with an Al-OH moiety). One stamp seems to contain barium in the form of sulfate. One stamp contains lead in an unknown chemical compound. All these results were incorporated into a database for future analysis. Quantum chemical calculations of diverse large models of cellulose seem absolutely necessary for the IR band assignments. |
2018 |
An Infrared and Sem Study of the Margins of Some German Hyperinflation Postage Stamps Artículo de revista Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences, 9 (2), pp. 870-892, 2018, ISSN: 0975-8585. |
A Qualitative Infrared and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of the Margins of Fourteen World Postage Stamps Artículo de revista Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences, 9 (6), pp. 1719-+, 2018, ISSN: 0975-8585. |